Challenges of the United Nations to Resolve the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict Using Liberal Institutionalism (2000-2024)

Harifia Domoinaniaina Claudia Valerine ANDRIANJAFIMALALA; Jelly Akter

Challenges of the United Nations to Resolve the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict Using Liberal Institutionalism (2000-2024)

Auteurs

Harifia Domoinaniaina Claudia Valerine ANDRIANJAFIMALALA Department of International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
Jelly Akter ASA University Bangladesh, Bangladesh

Mots-clés :

Conflict Resolution, Institutional Challenges, Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, Liberal Institutionalism, United Nations

Résumé

The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is one of the longest running and most unsolvable crises in contemporary international affairs. Despite extensive diplomatic engagement, resolutions, and peace proposals, the United Nations has failed to resolve the conflict, particularly since 2000. This paper examines the institutional challenges faced by the UN in enabling conflict resolution through the lens of Liberal Institutionalism, a theory that highlights the importance of international organizations in fostering cooperation, building trust, and limiting anarchy among states. This study aims to determine why the UN has failed to find a long-term solution to the conflict despite its resources and international framework. Through qualitative analysis of key UN interventions, peace proposals, and pertinent resolutions, including the Golden Report, UNSC Resolutions 242, 2334, and the Quartet’s activities the paper evaluates the effectiveness of the UN within several theoretical framework. These approaches includes the provision of credible information, enforcement of commitments, creation of focal points for coordination, promoting reciprocity, extension of the shadow in the future, and the use of issue-linkage strategies. The analysis reveals significant limitations in each area, stemming from power asymmetries, political fragmentation, and external interference by powerful member states. The findings suggest that although Liberal Institutionalism offers helpful resources for understanding institutional operations, but it falls short in explaining the deeply embedded political, historical, and identity based barriers to cooperation. This emphasizes the necessity of using a more complex framework to evaluate UN peacebuilding initiatives in polarized and asymmetrical conflicts.

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Challenges of the United Nations to Resolve the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict Using Liberal Institutionalism (2000-2024)